Numerous studies targeting the job market for the development of vocational education and training have indicated a growing demand for graduates of vocational education and training and a constant need for their employment. Employers highly value professionally trained workers with specific skills in various sectors, including personal and professional skills, specialized professional skills, and modern technological skills. The majority of employers emphasize the importance of honesty, integrity, and self-confidence as personal qualities in professionally trained workers.

Studies have identified the personal and professional skills demanded by the job market, including:

1. Honesty and integrity.
2. Self-confidence.
3. Following instructions.
4. Attention to detail.
5. Excellent communication skills at work.
6. Collaboration with others.
7. Positive attitudes towards work.
8. Ability to work within a team.
9. Problem-solving.
10. Flexibility in work.

Studies have also emphasized the importance of general professional skills such as:

1. Arabic reading and writing.
2. Precision in analysis.
3. Focus on quality.
4. Computer usage skills.
5. High productivity.
6. Ability to learn new skills.
7. Understanding and using drawings and diagrams.
8. Ability to use modern technology.
9. Speed in accomplishment.
10. Theoretical knowledge related to the profession.

Moreover, studies highlight the importance of specialized professional skills for each profession for graduates to secure employment or establish their own projects. Additionally, there is a need for technological skills, including computer usage, social media usage, and using profession-specific software. All of these skills are considered essential for the 21st century, encompassing employability, life skills, and entrepreneurial skills.

Furthermore, studies have shown that 32% of male and female graduates, 49% of school students, and 49% of parents of school students hope that students joining vocational education and training will be able to establish their own projects after graduation. They have indicated that this is one of the most important reasons for their enrollment in vocational education and training. Therefore, entrepreneurial training helps graduates in creating and managing their own projects. Learn about entrepreneurial skills through the features and characteristics of entrepreneurs attached and through online initiatives.

Various studies have highlighted the need for practical field training, allowing students to familiarize themselves with the work environment and perform tasks required by the profession before graduation. The results have also pointed out shortcomings in monitoring training, both from students, sometimes from trainers, and from training institutions. This deprives students of the opportunity to benefit from skills fully. Success stories of graduates have shown that paying attention to this aspect led to the development of their skills and experiences for entering the job market.

Studies have consistently shown that pre-graduation training is among the top reasons that lead graduates to secure employment, especially for female graduates. Therefore, emphasizing this aspect before graduation is crucial for obtaining job opportunities and the professional development of graduates.

It has become evident that personal, professional, managerial, and entrepreneurial skills, along with practical vocational training, are essential for graduates to enter and thrive in the job market. Market research studies and the required skills can be obtained from the portal's library.